The foundation of hydraulic fracturing technology lies in the fundamental scientific principles that drive its innovation and application. This panel will delve into the latest research and theoretical advancements that underpin hydraulic fracturing processes. Topics will include the mechanics of fracture propagation, fluid dynamics, and the role of material science in enhancing fracturing efficiency. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, this session aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how fundamental science is shaping the future of hydraulic fracturing technology.